1 Peter 2 - THE GLORY AND THE DUTY OF GOD’S PEOPLE

1 Peter 2 - THE GLORY AND THE DUTY OF GOD’S PEOPLE

A. Coming to Jesus through His word.
1. (1 Peter 2:1-3) How to respond to the eternal word of God.
Therefore, laying aside all malice, all deceit, hypocrisy, envy, and all evil speaking, as newborn babes, desire the pure milk of the word, that you may grow thereby, if indeed you have tasted that the Lord is gracious.
a. Therefore: Peter has just demonstrated the glory and eternal character of God’s word. Now, therefore, in light of what God’s word is to us, we should receive the word, and receive it with a particular heart.
b. As newborn babes, desire the pure milk of the word: Desire is a strong word. In the Septuagint, an ancient Greek translation of the Old Testament, it is used for man’s deepest longing for God: As the deer pants for the water brooks, so pants my soul for You, O God (Psalms 42:1).
i. Babes . . . desire: A healthy new baby has an instinctive yearning for its mother’s milk. When things are right, you don’t have to tell it to want the milk.
c. That you may grow thereby: The word of God is necessary for the growth of the Christian. We should all desire the pure milk of the word, even though Paul rebukes the Corinthians for being able to only receive milk (1 Corinthians 3:1-2), the Christian should never get tired of the simple truths of the gospel simply presented.
i. Who are the newborn babes? In a sense, we all are. “The most advanced among us, in knowledge and attainment, are, in comparison with what they shall be, only as babes.” (Meyer)
ii. “To drink the milk of the Word is to ‘taste’ again and again what he is like, for in the hearing of the Lord’s words believers experience the joy of personal fellowship with the Lord himself.” (Grudem)
d. However, to grow by the word, we must receive it with a certain attitude of heart: laying aside all malice, guile, hypocrisy, envy, and all evil speaking. This is a humble, honest, heart, willing to do what the word of God says.
i. Evil speaking: This ancient Greek word has more the idea of spicy, hurtful gossip than the idea of profane speech.
e. If indeed you have tasted that the Lord is gracious: If we have received from God, if we have tasted (personally experienced) that the Lord is gracious, then we have all the more reason and responsibility to receive the word in the enthusiastic way that babies receive their milk.
2. (1 Peter 2:4-5) Coming to Jesus.
Coming to Him as to a living stone, rejected indeed by men, but chosen by God and precious, you also, as living stones, are being built up a spiritual house, a holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ.
a. Coming to Him as to a living stone: Peter’s picture here is that God is building a spiritual temple (a spiritual house) using living stones (Christians), those who have come to the ultimate Living Stone (Jesus).
b. This spiritual house shows that as much as Israel had a temple, Christians also have one. But the Christian’s temple is spiritual, and they themselves are the temple.
c. Chosen by God and precious: As much as Israel was chosen by God, so is the church. As much as they had a priesthood, so Christians are a holy priesthood. And as much as they have sacrifices, so Christians offer up spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God.
i. A holy priesthood: The believer is his own priest before God. He does not need any mediator except his great High Priest, Jesus. “There can no longer be an elite priesthood with claims of special access to God, or special privileges in worship or in fellowship with God.” (Grudem)
ii. Peter’s idea isn’t that God has abandoned Israel or that they have no place in His redemptive plan, but that Christianity is in no way inferior to Judaism
d. To offer up spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ: God does the work of building (being built), but we do the job of offering sacrifices pleasing to Him, as we come to Jesus as who we are - living stones, made by Him.
i. Even a living stone cannot build something great for God as it sits all on its own. What God does in us together is important. He is building something out of us together.
ii. We can only serve as priests as we do it through Jesus Christ. In ourselves, we have no priestly authority, but only in Jesus.
3. (1 Peter 2:6-8) The glory of the Chief Cornerstone.
Therefore it is also contained in the Scripture, “Behold, I lay in Zion a chief cornerstone, elect, precious, and he who believes on Him will by no means be put to shame.” Therefore, to you who believe, He is precious; but to those who are disobedient, “The stone which the builders rejected has become the chief cornerstone,” and “A stone of stumbling and a rock of offense.” They stumble, being disobedient to the word, to which they also were appointed.
a. Behold, I lay in Zion a chief cornerstone: If we are being built into a spiritual house, there is no doubt who our Chief Cornerstone is. Even though men rejected Him, He has become the Chief Cornerstone in the work of building the church.
i. Jesus is the cornerstone of Psalms 118; the stumbling stone of Isaiah 8; the foundation stone of Isaiah 28; the supernatural stone of Daniel 2; and the rock that gave Israel water in the wilderness (1 Corinthians 10:4).
b. The stone which the builders rejected Has become the chief cornerstone: Those who reject the Chief Cornerstone, refusing to build on Him, instead stumble over Him. Instead of being their salvation, Jesus becomes to them a rock of offense.
i. Jesus quoted this passage from Psalms 118 in regard to Himself (Matthew 21:42).
c. They stumble, being disobedient to the word, to which they also were appointed: It is appointed that those who are disobedient to the word should stumble over Jesus. When Jesus spoke of Himself as the stone of Psalms 118, He spoke of what those who rejected Him are appointed to: And whoever falls on this stone will be broken; but on whomever it falls, it will grind him to powder. (Matthew 21:44)
4. (1 Peter 2:9-10) The privileged place of God’s people.
But you are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, His own special people, that you may proclaim the praises of Him who called you out of darkness into His marvelous light; who once were not a people but are now the people of God, who had not obtained mercy but now have obtained mercy.
a. But you are a chosen generation: The things that once exclusively belonged to Israel - their election (chosen), priesthood, and calling, are now no longer the property of Israel alone. These are now the property of every Christian, and we have them in a greater, spiritual sense.
i. We are a royal priesthood. The offices of royalty and priesthood were jealously separated in Israel, but Jesus, who is our King and Priest, has brought them together for His people.
b. His own special people: We are special because we belong to God. A museum may be filled with quite ordinary things: hats, canes, shoes, and so forth; but they are significant because they once belonged to someone famous. God takes ordinary people, and because He has taken them, they are special.
i. These same titles were applied to Israel (Exodus 19:5-6, Deuteronomy 4:20, Deuteronomy 7:6, and Isaiah 43:20-21). Now, in Jesus, we belong to God as His own special people.
c. Who once were not a people but are now the people of God: We once were without these privileges, and were not even a people before God. We had not seen the mercy of God, but now have obtained mercy.
i. In our culture, with its Christian foundations, we don’t understand the tremendous sense of privilege and relief that came to Gentiles as they were able to share in the New Covenant with the God of Israel. Peter’s message is nonetheless wonderful: “You didn’t used to belong, but now you belong to God and among God’s people.”
d. That you may proclaim the praises of Him who called you out of darkness into His marvelous light: The purpose for these high privileges is not so we can grow proud, but so that we can proclaim the praises of Him who has done such great things for us.
B. How those who have come to Jesus are to live.
1. (1 Peter 2:11-12) When we come to Jesus, we are to abstain from fleshly lusts.
Beloved, I beg you as sojourners and pilgrims, abstain from fleshly lusts which war against the soul, having your conduct honorable among the Gentiles, that when they speak against you as evildoers, they may, by your good works which they observe, glorify God in the day of visitation.
a. Abstain from fleshly lusts: We can only abstain from fleshly lusts as we live as sojourners and pilgrims, as those who recognize that this world is not their home, and that they have a home and a citizenship in heaven.
b. Which war against the soul: Peter understands that these fleshly lusts . . . war against the soul. To be a Christian means to fight against the lusts of the flesh, and the battle continues as long as we live in this flesh.
i. It is easy for us to see how the pursuit of fleshly lusts can destroy our body physically. Just ask the alcoholic dying of liver disease, or ask the sexually immoral person with AIDS or one of the 350,000 people on this earth who contracted a sexually transmitted disease in the last 24 hours. But Peter reminds us that fleshly lusts also war against the soul. Some escape disease in the physical body when they sin, but the disease and death of the inner man is a penalty that no one given over to the flesh escapes.
c. Having your conduct honorable among the Gentiles: This kind of godly living makes our conduct honorable among those who don’t know God yet. Though we can expect that they will speak against you as evildoers, they can still be brought to glorify God by seeing our godly conduct.
i. Christians were falsely accused of great crimes in the early church. Pagans said that at communion Christians ate the flesh and drank the blood of a baby in a cannibalistic ritual. They said that Christian “agape feasts” were wild orgies. They said that Christians were antisocial because they did not participate in society’s immoral entertainment. They said that Christians were atheists because they did not worship idols.
ii. But over time, it was clear that Christians were not immoral people - and it was shown by their lives. “The striking fact of history is that by their lives the Christians actually did defeat the slanders of the heathen. In the early part of the third century Celsus made the most famous and the most systematic attack of all upon the Christians in which he accused them of ignorance and foolishness and superstition and all kinds of things - but never of immorality.” (Barclay)
d. The day of visitation: This is probably a reference to their ultimate meeting with God, either when they go to meet Him, or when He comes to meet them. The idea is that they might be persuaded to become Christians by seeing the lives of other Christians, and that they would glorify God when they meet Him instead of cowering before His holy judgment.
2. (1 Peter 2:13-17) When we come to Jesus, we are to show proper submission to the government.
Therefore submit yourselves to every ordinance of man for the Lord’s sake, whether to the king as supreme, or to governors, as to those who are sent by him for the punishment of evildoers and for the praise of those who do good. For this is the will of God, that by doing good you may put to silence the ignorance of foolish men; as free, yet not using liberty as a cloak for vice, but as bondservants of God. Honor all people. Love the brotherhood. Fear God. Honor the king.
a. Therefore submit yourselves to every ordinance of man: As Christians, we should be good citizens, submitting to government. This was very different groups of zealous Jews in that day who recognized no king but God and paid taxes to no one but God.
b. We do this for the Lord’s sake. Since governments have a rightful authority from God, we are bound to obey them - unless, of course, they order us to do something in contradiction to God’s law. Then, we are commanded to obey God before man (Acts 4:19).
i. Peter wrote this in the days of the Roman Empire, which was no democracy, and no special friend to Christians. Yet he still recognizes the legitimate authority of the Roman government.
c. As to those who are sent by him: Peter also insists that governors are sent by him, that is, sent by God. Governments are sent by God for the punishment of evildoers and for the recognition of those who do good.
i. God uses governing authorities as a check upon man’s sinful desires and tendencies. Governments are a useful tool in resisting the effects of man’s fallen nature.
ii. The greatest offense government can make is to fail to punish evildoers, or to reward evildoers through corruption.
d. That by doing good you may put to silence the ignorance of foolish men: Peter knows that our conduct is a way to defend the gospel. He knows that those who never read the Bible will read our lives, so it is by doing good that we put to silence the ignorance of foolish men.
e. Yet not using liberty as a cloak for vice, but as bondservants of God: We are warned against taking the liberty we have in Jesus as an excuse for sin. Instead, we use our liberty in Jesus to show the kind of love and respect that Peter calls for.
3. (1 Peter 2:18-20) When we come to Jesus, we are to show proper submission to our employers.
Servants, be submissive to your masters with all fear, not only to the good and gentle, but also to the harsh. For this is commendable, if because of conscience toward God one endures grief, suffering wrongfully. For what credit is it if, when you are beaten for your faults, you take it patiently? But when you do good and suffer, if you take it patiently, this is commendable before God.
a. Servants, be submissive to your masters: The command to submit to masters isn’t just to those who work for masters who are good and gentle, but also to those who are harsh. If we must endure hardship because of our Christian standards, it is commendable before God.
b. For what credit is it if, when you are beaten for your faults, you take it patiently? To be punished for our wrongs is no credit to us. But when we are punished for doing good, and endure it patiently, we are complimented before God.
i. “Our case is like that of a criminal who had better bear quietly a sentence for a crime he has not committed, lest by too much outcry he induce investigation into a list of offenses, which are not charged against him, because they are not known.” (Meyer)
4. (1 Peter 2:21-25) The example of Jesus.
For to this you were called, because Christ also suffered for us, leaving us an example, that you should follow His steps: “Who committed no sin, nor was deceit found in His mouth”; who, when He was reviled, did not revile in return; when He suffered, He did not threaten, but committed Himself to Him who judges righteously; who Himself bore our sins in His own body on the tree, that we, having died to sins, might live for righteousness; by whose stripes you were healed. For you were like sheep going astray, but have now returned to the Shepherd and Overseer of your souls.
a. Christ also suffered for us, leaving us an example: Jesus is our example as someone who endured punishment unjustly. When He was reviled, Jesus did not revile in return, but in His sufferings, He committed Himself to the Father.
b. Who Himself bore our sins in His own body on the tree: The glorious result of Jesus’ work is that He paid for our sins, and provided for our healing (by whose stripes you were healed).
i. Tree is literally wood. Jesus bore our sins in His own body on the wood - the wood of the cross.
ii. With by whose stripes you were healed, Peter quotes Isaiah 53:5, which primarily refers to spiritual healing, but also definitely includes physical healing. The provision for our healing (both physically and spiritually) is made by the sufferings (stripes) of Jesus. The physical aspect of our healing is received in part now, but only completely with our resurrection.
iii. In context, we see that Peter’s main point is that if we are treated unjustly by a master, we don’t fear whatever harm he causes. We can be healed and restored by Jesus’ suffering for us.
c. For you were like sheep going astray, but have now returned to the Shepherd and Overseer of your souls: If not for Jesus’ patient endurance under the persecution of the ungodly, we would still be going astray. But because of His work for us, we have returned to our Shepherd (pastor) and the Overseer (bishop) of our souls.